Interfacing

Connecting to a running Neurodesktop session via a plain shell

You can start a Neurodesktop container using Docker or the Neurodesk App. If you want to connect to this running session using a shell you can do this as well:

docker ps
# note the name of the running container, e.g. neurodeskapp-49977

# now connect to this container
docker exec --user=jovyan -ti neurodeskapp-49977 bash

API interface to Jupyter

This currently does not work on Apple Silicon machines.

Install necessary tools, e.g. for macOS:

brew install coreutils
brew install websocat

Or for Linux:

wget https://github.com/vi/websocat/releases/download/v1.12.0/websocat.x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
chmod +x websocat.x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
sudo mv websocat.x86_64-unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin/websocat
apt install jq

Start a Jupyter notebook session, e.g. on EXAMPLE_API_URL=play-europe.neurodesk.org.

Then open a terminal in Jupyter and find your JupyterHub token and your username:

echo JUPYTERHUB_USER=$JUPYTERHUB_USER
echo JPY_API_TOKEN=$JPY_API_TOKEN

Now you can interface with Jupyter through:

USER=$JUPYTERHUB_USER
USER_TOKEN=$JPY_API_TOKEN
API_URL=$EXAMPLE_API_URL

TERMINAL_RESPONSE=$(curl -k -s -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN" \
    "https://$API_URL/user/$USER/api/terminals" || echo '{"error": "curl_failed"}')

echo "Terminal API response: $TERMINAL_RESPONSE"

TERMINAL_NAME=$(echo "$TERMINAL_RESPONSE" | jq -r '.name // empty')

if [ -n "$TERMINAL_NAME" ] && [ "$TERMINAL_NAME" != "null" ] && [ "$TERMINAL_NAME" != "empty" ]; then
    echo "Terminal created successfully: $TERMINAL_NAME"
else
    echo "Terminal creation failed"
    echo "Full response: $TERMINAL_RESPONSE"

    # more info about the user
    echo "Checking user info..."
    USER_INFO=$(curl -k -s -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN" "https://$API_URL/hub/api/users/$USER" || echo '{"error": "failed"}')
    echo "User info: $USER_INFO"
fi

# Function to test WebSocket connection
test_websocket_connection() {
    local token="$1"

    echo "Testing WebSocket connection..."

    # Test connection
    WS_TEST=$(echo '["stdin", "echo test_connection\r\n"]' | \
        timeout 15 websocat --text "wss://$API_URL/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME" \
        -H "Authorization: token $token" 2>&1 | head -10)

    if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ -n "$WS_TEST" ]; then
        echo "WebSocket response: $WS_TEST"

        # Check if we got expected output format
        if echo "$WS_TEST" | grep -q '\["stdout"'; then
            echo "WebSocket connection successful with proper output format"
            return 0
        elif echo "$WS_TEST" | grep -q 'test_connection'; then
            echo "WebSocket connection successful"
            return 0
        else
            echo "WebSocket connected but unexpected format"
            echo "Raw output: $WS_TEST"
            return 1
        fi
    else
        echo "WebSocket connection failed"
        echo "Error: $WS_TEST"
        return 1
    fi
}

# Test with user token
if test_websocket_connection "$USER_TOKEN"; then
    echo "WebSocket connection working with user token"
else
    echo "WebSocket connection failed"
    echo ""
    echo "Additional debugging info:"
    echo "- Terminal exists: $TERMINAL_NAME"
    echo "- User token: ${USER_TOKEN}..."
    echo "- API accessible: $(curl -k -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "$API_URL")"
    echo "- WebSocket URL: ws://$API_URL/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME"
fi


# Function to send command and get response
send_command() {
    local cmd="$1"

    echo "Testing command: $cmd"

    local clean_api_url=${API_URL#*//}

    local output=""
    for attempt in {1..3}; do
        echo "  Attempt $attempt..."


        echo "$ $cmd"

        # Send command
        echo "[\"stdin\", \"$cmd\\r\\n\"]" | \
            timeout 15 websocat --text \
            "wss://$clean_api_url/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME" \
            -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN"


        sleep 10

        # get the terminal output
        local output=$(echo '["stdin", ""]' | \
            timeout 15 websocat --text \
            "wss://$clean_api_url/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME" \
            -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN")

        if [ -n "$output" ]; then
            echo "$output" | \
            grep '^\["stdout"' | \
            sed 's/^\["stdout", *"//; s/"\]$//' | \
            sed 's/\\u001b\[[?]*[0-9;]*[a-zA-Z]//g; s/\\r\\n/\n/g; s/\\r/\n/g' | \
            # sed -n "/\$ $cmd/,/\$ /p" | \
            sed '1d; $d' | \
            grep -v "^$"

            return 0
        fi

        echo "(no output), response: ${output}"

        sleep 2
    done

    echo "  Command failed after 3 attempts"
    echo "  Output: $output"
    return 1
}
send_command "touch test3.txt"
send_command "ls"
send_command "ml fsl; fslmaths"
send_command "pwd"
send_command "ml ants; antsRegistration"


# To start an interactive terminal session
interactive_terminal() {

    local clean_api_url=${API_URL#*//}

    echo "=== Interactive Terminal Started ==="
    echo "Type 'exit' to quit"
    echo "=================================="

    while true; do
        echo -n "$ "
        read -r user_cmd

        # Exit condition
        if [[ "$user_cmd" == "exit" ]]; then
            echo "Terminal session ended."
            break
        fi

        # Skip empty commands
        if [[ -z "$user_cmd" ]]; then
            continue
        fi


        echo "Executing: $user_cmd"

        # Send command

        echo "[\"stdin\", \"$user_cmd\\r\\n\"]" | \
            timeout 15 websocat --text \
            "wss://$clean_api_url/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME" \
            -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN"


        sleep 10

        # get the terminal output
        local output=$(echo '["stdin", ""]' | \
            timeout 15 websocat --text \
            "wss://$clean_api_url/user/$USER/terminals/websocket/$TERMINAL_NAME" \
            -H "Authorization: token $USER_TOKEN")


        if [ -n "$output" ]; then
            echo "$output" | \
            grep '^\["stdout"' | \
            sed 's/^\["stdout", *"//; s/"\]$//' | \
            sed 's/\\u001b\[[?]*[0-9;]*[a-zA-Z]//g; s/\\r\\n/\n/g; s/\\r/\n/g' | \
            # sed -n "/\$ $user_cmd/,/\$ /p" | \
            sed '1d; $d' | \
            grep -v "^$"

        else
            echo "(output error, response:)  ${output}"
        fi

        echo ""
    done
}

interactive_terminal